HPLC in plain language
High-performance liquid chromatography separates sample components as they move through a system under defined conditions. A detector records signals that can be used to examine a sample profile. Interpretation depends on the method, detector, standards, and reporting approach.
Mass spectrometry in plain language
Mass spectrometry measures mass-to-charge information for ionized molecules or fragments. It can support identity assessment when observed data are compared with expected values, but it does not answer every purity or quality question on its own.
Why methods are often complementary
Chromatography and mass spectrometry address different analytical dimensions. Reports may use them together because agreement across suitable methods can provide more context than a single result.
What third-party means
Third-party testing generally means testing performed by an organization separate from the seller or manufacturer. Independence can reduce certain conflicts, but the phrase alone does not establish method quality, accreditation, sample chain of custody, or the validity of a result. Review the actual report.